How to Build/Create an App like Doximity – Features using AI/Blockchain/ERP, Cost and Technology Stack in 2024

“Exploring 2024’s Advanced Doximity Features: AI, Blockchain, ERP, and More for Secure and Efficient Healthcare Management”

Introduction

Introducing Doximity app in 2024: A game-changer in healthcare technology. Discover advanced AI-powered diagnosis, secure blockchain-secured EHRs, ERP integration, WhatsApp chatbot, virtual consultations, real-time collaboration tools, integration with wearables, personalized health recommendations, secure messaging, research access, lab and imaging results, automated prescription refills, insurance integration, customizable dashboard, medical billing integration, secure document sharing, real-time patient monitoring, patient portal integration, appointment scheduling, and electronic prescription systems. Prioritizing patient privacy and security, these features represent a significant leap forward in healthcare technology.

I’d be happy to help you explore some potential features of Doximity app in 2024, taking into account the advancements in technology such as AI, blockchain, and ERP systems. Here are 20 possible features:

In 2024, the Doximity app will undergo significant upgrades with advanced technologies like AI, blockchain, and ERP systems integrated to enhance its functionalities. Some potential features of the app include:

1. AI-powered diagnosis: The app could offer doctors access to AI-driven diagnostic tools that analyze patients’ symptoms and medical histories to suggest possible diagnoses.
2. Blockchain-secured medical records: Patients could have secure, immutable access to their medical records, ensuring data privacy and reducing administrative errors.
3. ERP-enabled workflows: The app could streamline clinical workflows by integrating with ERP systems, allowing doctors to manage patient information and administrative tasks more efficiently.
4. Virtual consultations: The app could offer virtual consultations through video conferencing, allowing doctors to connect with patients from anywhere in the world.
5. RPA-assisted scheduling: The app could use RPA to automate scheduling tasks, reducing administrative work and freeing up doctors’ time for patient care.
6. WhatsApp chatbot consultations: Patients could communicate with chatbots through WhatsApp to get preliminary advice, reducing the load on doctors and triaging non-urgent cases.
7. MVP development for clinical trials: The app could offer features to help researchers develop and manage minimum viable products (MVPs) for clinical trials, accelerating drug discovery.
8. AI-powered research: The app could offer AI-driven research capabilities, helping doctors stay up-to-date on the latest medical research and treatments.

These features could be implemented by IT companies, mobile app development companies, ERP development companies, AI development companies, RPA development companies, WhatsApp chatbot development companies, and MVP development companies based in cities such as New York, USA, and Dubai, UAE.

1. Advanced AI-powered diagnosis and treatment recommendations based on medical records and current research.

In the future, the Doximity app will leverage advanced AI technology to diagnose and recommend treatments for medical conditions based on a patient’s medical history and current research. This feature will be invaluable for healthcare professionals, allowing them to make informed decisions quickly and accurately. The app will analyze electronic health records (EHRs) and incorporate the latest medical research to provide personalized recommendations. With the increasing importance of technology in healthcare, this feature is expected to be a game-changer for IT companies specializing in AI development. In major cities like New York, USA, and London, UK, the demand for such advanced healthcare solutions will be particularly high. This trend is expected to continue as the healthcare industry continues to digitize, with other cities like Paris, France, Tokyo, Japan, Dubai, UAE, Singapore, Hong Kong, Sydney, Australia, Los Angeles, California, Chicago, Illinois, San Francisco, California, Las Vegas, Nevada, Miami, Florida, Seattle, Washington, Boston, Massachusetts, Austin, Texas, and Washington, D.C also adopting similar technologies.

2. Blockchain-secured electronic health records (EHRs) for secure and efficient sharing between healthcare providers.

In 2024, blockchain development companies will continue to revolutionize the healthcare industry by implementing secure and efficient electronic health records (EHRs) using this decentralized technology. These records, protected by cryptography and distributed across a network of computers, will ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of patients’ data. With the increasing demand for seamless information sharing between healthcare providers in cities like New York, USA, and London, UK, blockchain EHRs will enable secure data exchange without compromising privacy. This innovative solution will streamline the healthcare process, reduce administrative costs, and minimize errors. Moreover, the integration of AI and RPA technologies with blockchain EHRs will further enhance their functionality, enabling predictive analytics, automated workflows, and personalized patient care. The implementation of such advanced solutions will put pressure on IT companies, mobile app development companies, and ERP development companies to adapt and offer competitive services to meet the evolving needs of the healthcare sector.

3. ERP integration for seamless management of administrative tasks, such as scheduling appointments and managing patient bills.

In the healthcare sector, the Doximity app is a game-changer, offering numerous features that streamline administrative tasks for medical professionals. One such feature is ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) integration. This integration enables medical practices to manage their scheduling appointments and patient bills seamlessly. ERP systems are commonly used by IT companies, mobile app development companies, and even ERP development companies to manage business processes.

Incorporating ERP into the Doximity app enhances its functionality, making it a comprehensive solution for healthcare providers. By automating administrative tasks, medical professionals can focus more on patient care and less on paperwork. For instance, in New York, USA, and London, UK, many healthcare providers have adopted this feature to improve their workflow and enhance patient satisfaction. The integration of ERP into the Doximity app also reduces the risk of errors and inconsistencies that can arise from manual data entry. This integration is a significant step towards digital transformation in the healthcare sector and is expected to become a standard feature in healthcare apps by 2024.

4. WhatsApp chatbot for easy communication between patients and healthcare providers, with automated appointment reminders and prescription refills.

In the healthcare industry, effective communication between patients and healthcare providers is crucial. By 2024, IT companies and mobile app development companies have recognized this need and have started to integrate WhatsApp chatbots into their offerings. These chatbots provide an easy and convenient way for patients to interact with their healthcare providers, without the need for lengthy phone calls or in-person visits.

The features of these chatbots include automated appointment reminders, prescription refills, and real-time health information updates. Patients can simply message their healthcare provider through the WhatsApp chatbot, and the AI-powered bot can handle routine inquiries, freeing up healthcare providers to focus on more complex cases. The chatbot can also integrate with electronic health records, allowing providers to access patient information in real-time.

In cities like New York, USA and London, UK, these chatbots have already become an integral part of healthcare delivery. Patients appreciate the convenience and accessibility, while healthcare providers benefit from improved communication and streamlined workflows. As more healthcare providers adopt these chatbots, the potential for increased patient engagement and better health outcomes is significant.

The development of these chatbots requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving the expertise of AI development companies, RPA development companies, and mobile app development companies. The integration with existing healthcare systems and workflows requires a deep understanding of healthcare operations and data security. The result is a powerful tool that enhances the patient experience and improves healthcare delivery.

5. Virtual consultations and telemedicine capabilities for remote patient care.

In the healthcare landscape of 2024, virtual consultations and telemedicine capabilities have become essential features for mobile apps, enabling remote patient care. These capabilities allow doctors to assess, diagnose, and treat patients from a distance using video conferencing, messaging, and other digital tools. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning algorithms further enhances these functionalities by providing real-time analysis and recommendations based on patient symptoms and medical histories.

In major cities such as New York, USA, and London, UK, IT companies and mobile app development firms have been at the forefront of creating innovative solutions for virtual healthcare services. They have been developing intuitive and user-friendly apps that cater to the specific needs of healthcare providers and patients. These apps integrate various telemedicine features, including video consultations, messaging, and remote monitoring capabilities, making healthcare more accessible to people, especially those with mobility issues or living in remote areas.

Moreover, AI development companies have been collaborating with these mobile app developers to incorporate advanced diagnostic tools and chatbot functionalities, enabling quicker and more accurate diagnoses. These developments have been crucial in improving patient outcomes and reducing the burden on healthcare systems, particularly during times of high demand, such as pandemics.

6. Real-time collaboration tools for healthcare teams to work together on patient cases.

In the dynamic world of healthcare, real-time collaboration tools have become essential for healthcare teams to work together effectively on patient cases. By 2024, IT companies, mobile app development companies, and other tech innovators have developed advanced solutions to facilitate seamless collaboration among healthcare professionals. These tools allow teams to access patient information, share insights, and coordinate care plans in real-time, regardless of their physical location.

For instance, healthcare teams in New York and San Francisco can collaborate on a patient case using a mobile app, with features such as secure messaging, document sharing, and virtual consultation rooms. These tools are not only beneficial for multidisciplinary teams within a single healthcare organization but also for specialists across different institutions. The result is improved patient outcomes, reduced errors, and enhanced communication among healthcare providers.

Moreover, the integration of AI and machine learning algorithms into these collaboration tools further streamlines the workflow by automating routine tasks and providing real-time recommendations based on patient data. This not only saves time but also ensures that the latest evidence-based practices are incorporated into patient care plans. In summary, the use of real-time collaboration tools has become a game-changer in healthcare, enabling teams to work together more efficiently and effectively to deliver high-quality patient care.

7. Integration with wearable devices and remote monitoring tools for continuous patient monitoring.

In the healthcare sector, the integration of wearable devices and remote monitoring tools has become increasingly important for continuous patient monitoring. By 2024, mobile app development companies have evolved to create advanced applications like Doximity that seamlessly connect with these devices. In New York and Chicago, IT companies have been at the forefront of this innovation, developing solutions that enable real-time data transfer and analysis. These apps provide healthcare professionals with valuable insights into patients’ health status, allowing for timely interventions and improved patient outcomes. With the help of AI and machine learning algorithms, Doximity can predict potential health issues before they become critical, making it an essential tool for remote patient monitoring. The application’s user-friendly interface and compatibility with various wearable devices make it a popular choice among healthcare providers in San Francisco and Seattle. Overall, the integration of wearable devices and remote monitoring tools with advanced mobile applications like Doximity is revolutionizing the healthcare industry, enabling more efficient and effective patient care.

8. Personalized health and wellness recommendations based on patient data and medical history.

In 2024, the Doximity app will revolutionize personalized health and wellness recommendations by leveraging advanced AI and machine learning algorithms to analyze patient data and medical history. This feature will enable healthcare professionals to provide tailored advice and treatment plans based on each individual’s unique needs. The integration of blockchain technology will ensure secure and confidential storage of sensitive patient information.

IT companies and mobile app development companies have played a crucial role in the development of this innovative feature. They have worked tirelessly to integrate AI capabilities into the app, allowing it to learn from vast amounts of medical data and deliver accurate recommendations. Furthermore, RPA development companies have streamlined administrative tasks, enabling healthcare professionals to focus on patient care rather than paperwork.

In cities such as New York, USA, and London, UK, this feature is particularly valuable as healthcare systems are under immense pressure to provide efficient and effective care. By offering personalized recommendations, healthcare professionals can save time and resources while improving patient outcomes. Additionally, this feature can be particularly beneficial in urban areas where access to healthcare services may be limited.

Overall, the Doximity app’s personalized health and wellness recommendations represent a significant leap forward in healthcare technology. With the help of AI, healthcare professionals can deliver more accurate and effective care, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes and improved overall health and wellness.

9. Secure messaging and communication tools for confidential discussions between healthcare providers.

In 2024, secure messaging and communication tools are a must-have for confidential discussions between healthcare providers. These tools enable providers to share sensitive patient information securely and efficiently, without compromising data privacy or security. Mobile app development companies have been at the forefront of creating innovative solutions in this area, with Doximity being a notable example. This app offers end-to-end encryption, multi-factor authentication, and real-time messaging, ensuring secure communication between healthcare professionals. In cities like New York and Chicago, the need for such tools is especially high due to the large number of healthcare providers and patients. The app also integrates with various electronic health record (EHR) systems, allowing providers to access patient information directly from the app, reducing the need for manual data entry and improving workflow efficiency. Other features include voice and video conferencing, document sharing, and a built-in directory of healthcare professionals, making it a comprehensive solution for healthcare communication needs.

10. Real-time access to the latest medical research and clinical trials.

In 2024, the Doximity app has become an indispensable tool for medical professionals in their day-to-day practice, offering real-time access to the latest medical research and clinical trials. This feature sets it apart from other IT companies and mobile app development companies that focus on creating general-purpose apps. By integrating with renowned medical institutions and research organizations, Doximity ensures that its users are always up-to-date with the latest findings and innovations in their fields.

Medical professionals in major cities like New York, USA, and London, UK, can greatly benefit from this feature as they often need to stay informed about the latest treatments and therapies to provide the best possible care for their patients. With real-time access to the latest research, they can make more informed decisions, improve patient outcomes, and stay competitive in their respective fields.

Moreover, Doximity’s advanced AI algorithms help medical professionals filter and prioritize the latest research based on their specific areas of interest and expertise, making it even more valuable for them. This is a significant advantage over other IT companies that offer generic research databases or social media companies that prioritize content based on engagement rather than relevance.

Overall, the Doximity app’s real-time access to the latest medical research and clinical trials is a game-changer for medical professionals, enabling them to deliver the best possible care to their patients while staying informed about the latest advances in their fields.

11. Integration with lab and imaging results for quick and accurate diagnosis and treatment.

In the ever-evolving landscape of healthcare technology, the integration of lab and imaging results with mobile applications has become a game-changer. By 2024, this feature will be a standard expectation for healthcare professionals using mobile apps. The ability to access lab results, imaging reports, and patient information in one place, in real-time, allows for quicker and more accurate diagnoses and treatment plans. This integration not only improves patient care but also streamlines administrative tasks and reduces the need for manual data entry.

Cities like New York, USA, and London, UK, will continue to be at the forefront of this technological advancement. IT companies, mobile app development companies, and AI development companies will collaborate to create seamless and user-friendly applications that cater to the specific needs of healthcare professionals. The integration of blockchain technology will ensure secure and encrypted data transmission, adding an extra layer of protection for sensitive patient information.

In summary, the integration of lab and imaging results into mobile applications will revolutionize the way healthcare professionals diagnose and treat patients. By 2024, cities like New York and London will be leading the way in this technological evolution, with IT companies, mobile app development companies, and AI development companies collaborating to create secure, user-friendly, and efficient applications.

12. Automated prescription refills and medication management.

In the rapidly advancing world of healthcare technology, one feature that stands out among the numerous innovations is automated prescription refills and medication management. By 2024, this functionality will be a standard offering from IT companies, mobile app development companies, and ERP development companies, ensuring seamless communication between patients, doctors, and pharmacies. With the help of AI development companies and RPA development companies, these systems will learn from patient behavior and prescribe medications accordingly, reducing human error and improving overall patient care. Furthermore, WhatsApp chatbot development companies will provide easy-to-use interfaces, allowing patients to manage their medications and request refills with just a few taps on their smartphones. This feature will be particularly beneficial in cities like New York, USA, and Singapore, where the healthcare industry is known for its efficiency and advanced technology adoption. The implementation of automated prescription refills and medication management systems will revolutionize the way healthcare is delivered, making it more accessible, convenient, and personalized for patients.

13. Integration with insurance providers for streamlined claims processing and payment management.

In 2024, Doximity app, a leading digital platform for medical professionals, will offer enhanced integration with insurance providers for streamlined claims processing and payment management. This feature will significantly reduce the administrative burden for healthcare providers, enabling them to focus more on patient care. With the increasing adoption of mobile technologies and digital solutions, IT companies and mobile app development companies have been at the forefront of developing advanced features for healthcare apps. The integration of insurance providers is an essential component of such solutions, and it is expected that many other healthcare apps will follow suit. In New York and Chicago, for instance, healthcare providers have been eagerly awaiting this feature to optimize their workflows and improve revenue cycle management. By seamlessly connecting with insurers, the Doximity app will facilitate faster reimbursements, minimizing the time and effort required to process claims manually. This integration is an excellent example of how technology is transforming the healthcare industry and making it more efficient and accessible for all stakeholders.

14. Customizable dashboard for easy access to important patient information and notifications.

In 2024, the Doximity app will offer a customizable dashboard, allowing healthcare professionals to access essential patient information and notifications with ease. This feature is crucial for IT companies and mobile app development companies that serve the healthcare industry, as it enhances the overall user experience and improves productivity. With a customizable dashboard, doctors and nurses can quickly view patient data, lab results, and medication schedules, reducing the time spent on manual data entry and improving patient care. Moreover, real-time notifications for critical patient updates can help prevent adverse events and ensure timely intervention. This feature is particularly valuable for healthcare providers in cities like New York, USA, and London, UK, where the demand for efficient patient care is high. The customizable dashboard is an essential component of the app’s user interface, and its development requires expertise in UI/UX design, making it a priority for digital marketing companies and social media companies that offer design services.

15. Integration with medical billing and coding software for efficient revenue cycle management.

In the healthcare industry, efficient revenue cycle management is crucial for the success and growth of medical practices. By integrating with medical billing and coding software, mobile apps like Doximity can streamline this process and enhance productivity. In 2024, this integration will become even more vital as the healthcare sector continues to digitize. IT companies, mobile app development companies, and ERP development companies will play a significant role in enabling seamless integration between Doximity and medical billing software. This will allow medical professionals to manage patient information, billing, and coding from a single platform, reducing errors and increasing efficiency. Additionally, AI development companies will contribute by implementing advanced algorithms to automate coding and billing processes, further reducing manual work and improving accuracy. Cities like New York, USA, and Sydney, Australia, will benefit greatly from this integration as they have large healthcare sectors and a high demand for digital solutions to manage complex revenue cycles.

16. Secure storage and sharing of clinical documents and reports.

In the healthcare sector, the secure storage and sharing of clinical documents and reports is a critical concern. In 2024, IT companies, mobile app development companies, and ERP development companies are investing heavily in developing innovative solutions to address this challenge. One such solution is the Doximity app, a leading platform for medical professionals that offers a range of features designed to ensure the security and ease of access to clinical documents and reports.

The Doximity app utilizes advanced encryption techniques and multi-factor authentication to protect sensitive patient data. It also employs blockchain technology, which is known for its immutable and secure data storage capabilities, to create a tamper-proof record of clinical documents and reports. This adds an extra layer of security, ensuring that only authorized personnel have access to the data.

Moreover, the app offers seamless integration with various electronic health record (EHR) systems, allowing medical professionals to access up-to-date patient information from multiple sources in one place. This not only saves time but also reduces the risk of errors and miscommunication that can occur when information is shared through different channels.

In cities like New York and London, where healthcare institutions deal with vast amounts of patient data daily, the Doximity app is becoming increasingly popular among medical professionals. Its user-friendly interface, combined with its robust security features, makes it an essential tool for managing clinical documents and reports in a secure and efficient manner.

17. Real-time patient monitoring and alerting for critical health events.

In the ever-evolving world of healthcare technology, real-time patient monitoring and alerting for critical health events have become essential features for mobile apps in 2024. These features enable healthcare providers to keep a close eye on their patients’ vital signs and intervene promptly when necessary. IT companies, mobile app development firms, and even AI development companies have been at the forefront of creating innovative solutions for real-time patient monitoring.

One such solution is the integration of advanced AI algorithms to analyze patient data in real-time. These algorithms can identify trends and anomalies, alerting healthcare providers to potential health risks before they become critical. For instance, a patient’s heart rate may suddenly spike, indicating a potential heart attack. In New York, a leading AI development company has been working on such a solution, which has shown promising results.

Another feature that complements real-time patient monitoring is instant alerting. Mobile apps can send alerts to healthcare providers via WhatsApp or other messaging platforms, allowing them to respond quickly. In London, a social media company has developed a WhatsApp chatbot that sends real-time alerts to healthcare providers when critical health events are detected.

Real-time patient monitoring and alerting are crucial features that can significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs. As the demand for such solutions continues to grow, we can expect to see more innovations from various development companies around the world, including those in Tokyo, Sydney, and Chicago.

18. Integration with patient portals for secure and convenient access to health information.

In the ever-evolving digital landscape of healthcare, the integration of patient portals with mobile apps has become a crucial aspect of delivering convenient and secure access to health information. By 2024, this feature will be a standard requirement for both IT companies and mobile app development companies, ensuring seamless communication between patients and healthcare providers. In cities like New York and San Francisco, this integration is expected to be widely adopted, enabling patients to manage their appointments, view test results, and communicate with their doctors from the palm of their hands. This integration also opens up opportunities for AI and RPA development companies to enhance patient experience by providing personalized health insights and automating repetitive tasks. Consequently, it’s essential for ecommerce and social media companies to comply with HIPAA regulations to protect patient data and maintain privacy. Overall, the integration of patient portals with mobile apps is a game-changer in the healthcare industry, transforming the way patients engage with their healthcare providers and manage their health records.

19. Automated appointment scheduling and reminder system.

In the healthcare industry, automation and digitalization have become essential components for streamlining operations and enhancing patient care. One of the most significant advancements in this regard is the implementation of an automated appointment scheduling and reminder system. By 2024, this feature will be a standard offering from IT companies, mobile app development companies, ERP development companies, AI development companies, RPA development companies, WhatsApp chatbot development companies, MVP development companies, blockchain development companies, ecommerce development companies, social media companies, SEO companies, and digital marketing companies.

This system will enable patients to schedule appointments online, reducing the workload on administrative staff and minimizing wait times. Patients will receive automated reminders via SMS, email, or WhatsApp, ensuring they attend their appointments on time. This feature will also integrate with electronic health records, allowing healthcare providers to access patient information in real-time and prepare for appointments accordingly.

Two cities that will greatly benefit from this feature are New York, USA, and London, UK. In New York, with its high population density and large healthcare system, an automated appointment scheduling and reminder system will significantly improve efficiency and reduce patient no-shows. In London, where healthcare services are in high demand and wait times can be long, this feature will help patients manage their appointments more effectively and reduce the overall workload on healthcare providers.

Conclusion

In the Doximity app of 2024, users can expect advanced AI-driven diagnosis and treatment recommendations, secure blockchain-secured EHRs, ERP integration for efficient administrative tasks, a WhatsApp chatbot for patient communication, virtual consultations and telemedicine, real-time collaboration tools, integration with wearable devices, personalized health recommendations, secure messaging, real-time access to research, integration with lab and imaging results, automated prescription refills, insurance provider integration, a customizable dashboard, medical billing and coding software integration, secure document storage, real-time patient monitoring, patient portal integration, automated appointment scheduling, and electronic prescription and pharmacy system integration. These features prioritize patient privacy and security while streamlining healthcare delivery and improving patient outcomes.

Cost for building the App

The cost of building an app can vary widely depending on several factors such as the complexity of the app, the platform (iOS, Android, or both), design specifics and features. Here’s a rough breakdown of potential costs:

1. Simple Apps: These could cost anywhere from $10,000 to $20,000. Simple apps have basic functionalities and minimal design work.

2. Moderate Complexity Apps: These typically range from $20,000 to $30,000. They might include more integrated features, custom UI/UX designs, and perhaps more sophisticated back-end functionalities.

3. Complex or High-End Apps: Such apps can cost $30,000 to $50,000 or more. These include apps with advanced functionalities like real-time syncing, large-scale user bases, complex databases, or integration with multiple systems.

Additionally, other costs to consider include:
– Maintenance and Updates: Typically 15-20% of the initial development cost per year.
– Marketing and Launch: Can vary widely based on your strategy.

Technology Stack for the App

The technology stack for an app typically comprises four main components: front-end (client-side), back-end (server-side), development platform, and additional tools and technologies for management and operations. Here’s a typical breakdown:

1. Front-End (Client-Side)
This is what users interact with. It includes the design and software running on the user’s device.

Mobile Apps:
– iOS: Swift or Objective-C with tools like Xcode
– Android: Kotlin or Java with Android Studio
– Cross-Platform: React Native, Flutter, Xamarin

Web Apps:
– HTML, CSS, JavaScript
– Frameworks and Libraries like React, Angular, Vue.js

2. Back-End (Server-Side)
This is the server and database part where the app’s logic processes occur.

– Programming Languages: Python, Ruby, PHP, Java, .NET, Node.js
– Frameworks: Django, Rails, Laravel, Spring, Express.js
– Database Management: MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, Oracle
– Server Technologies: AWS, Azure, Google Cloud, Nginx, Apache

3. Development Platform
These are tools and environments used for developing, testing, and deploying the application.
– Integrated Development Environment (IDE): Xcode, Android Studio, Visual Studio, Eclipse
– Version Control Systems: Git, SVN
– Containerization and Virtualization: Docker, Kubernetes, VMware

4. Additional Tools
These tools help in monitoring, maintaining, and optimizing app performance.

– Performance and Error Monitoring: New Relic, Sentry, Datadog
– Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD): Jenkins, CircleCI, TravisCI
– Project Management Tools: Jira, Trello, Asana

The choice of technology can depend on various factors including the specific project requirements, the team’s expertise, the scalability needs, the budget, and the timeline for the project. Choosing the right stack is crucial as it affects not only the development process but also the maintenance and scalability of the application.